### Module contents

##### Part 1

* Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs)
* Delay/Disconnection Tolerant Networks (DTNs)
* Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)

##### Part 2

* Network experimentation, criteria and evaluations. This part is to help with coursework

##### Part 3

* Peer to Peer (P2P)
* Content Centric Networks (CCNs)
* Information Centric Networks (ICNs)

##### Part 4

* Software Defined Networks (SDNs) and Applications

# Mobile Social Networks

They have two parts: physical part and a social part

Social structures are vital for these networks - think covid tracking networks

![p2p](/lectures/acn/img/a.png)

Clouds have multiple layers

* Network interfaces
  * Request & accept sensor data
  * resource management
  * communicate with other clouds 
* Processing layer
  * Store raw data
  * filter noise
* Analysing layer
  * produce trend chart
  * learn & predict user behaviour
* Services
  * Interactive dashboard
  * notification service
  * sharing access



## Vehicle Ad Hoc Networks

Have social characteristics as they are driven by humans

VANETs may refer to robots or drones.

This can be used to exchange warning and beacon messages via V2V (vehicle to vehicle) as well as V2I (vehicle to infrastructure) channels.

### Fully autonomous Vehicles

![img](/lectures/acn/img/b.png)

Vehicles can connect to the cloud and share & request information to help other vehicles.

![img](/lectures/acn/img/c.png)

An example of transient clouds - in this case vehicular clouds.

This can be useful for informing cars behind about congestion. This is real time communication (order of ms which is needed for when cars are moving at 70 mph), cloud communication is not fast enough, due to the data needing to be processed before shared.

## Challenges

* Optimal forwarding/routing
* Congestion avoidance and control
* Security and privacy aware communications
  * black & grey hole attacks
* Energy efficient communications
  * Important for mobile devices & electric cars
* Service provision
  * Location based services
